{
  "checked": "2026-10-20",
  "records": [
    {
      "id": "land-001",
      "entity": "Yorùbáland beyond current national borders",
      "category": "Scope",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Yorùbá-Nago communities span southwest Nigeria, Benin and Togo. Cultural geography is not a legally surveyed national boundary.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria / Benin / Togo",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-gelede",
          "title": "UNESCO: Oral heritage of Gelede",
          "url": "https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/oral-heritage-of-gelede-00002",
          "published": "2008",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-002",
      "entity": "Plains and rolling hills",
      "category": "Landscape",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Rolling plains, valleys and rocky uplands support varied farming and settlement. Suitability must be assessed locally rather than assumed from ethnic geography.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ekiti-water",
          "title": "Ekiti Water and Sewerage Company: About Ekiti State",
          "url": "https://ekitiwater.com/about-ekiti-state/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-003",
      "entity": "Soil fertility",
      "category": "Land stewardship",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Regional soil fertility and crop suitability require local soil surveys. Suitability depends on soil type, nutrients, drainage, slope, management and rainfall.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-004",
      "entity": "Rainforest belt",
      "category": "Ecology",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Rainforest persists in reserves, sacred groves and other fragments. The region is not uniformly covered by intact dense forest.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-omo",
          "title": "UNESCO MAB: Omo Biosphere Reserve",
          "url": "https://www.unesco.org/en/mab/omo",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        },
        {
          "id": "geo-unesco-osun",
          "title": "UNESCO World Heritage: Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove",
          "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1118/",
          "published": "2005",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-005",
      "entity": "Omo Forest / Biosphere Reserve",
      "category": "Ecology",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Omo in Ogun’s Ijebu area supports forest biodiversity and community livelihoods. Distinguish the wider forest reserve from its protected biosphere zones.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-omo",
          "title": "UNESCO MAB: Omo Biosphere Reserve",
          "url": "https://www.unesco.org/en/mab/omo",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-006",
      "entity": "Niger River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "The Niger belongs in a wider regional water and trade context. The Ogun–Osun coastal basins are separate drainage systems, not Niger tributaries.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ogun",
          "title": "Hydroclimatic trends, breakpoints and future projection analysis of the Ogun River Basin",
          "url": "https://iwaponline.com/wpt/article/18/9/2023/97461/Hydroclimatic-trends-breakpoints-and-future",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-007",
      "entity": "Ọ̀ṣun River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "The river connects living religious traditions with a coastal drainage basin. UNESCO confirms the sacred river and grove at Osogbo; inland water ultimately links to Lekki Lagoon.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-unesco-osun",
          "title": "UNESCO World Heritage: Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove",
          "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1118/",
          "published": "2005",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        },
        {
          "id": "geo-lekki",
          "title": "Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Parameters of Lekki Lagoon",
          "url": "https://file.scirp.org/Html/2-2170082_60956.htm",
          "published": "2015",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-008",
      "entity": "Ògùn River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "A major southwest basin river flowing south to Lagos Lagoon. Published hydrology documents its headwaters and seasonal flow; development must include flooding and water-quality management.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ogun",
          "title": "Hydroclimatic trends, breakpoints and future projection analysis of the Ogun River Basin",
          "url": "https://iwaponline.com/wpt/article/18/9/2023/97461/Hydroclimatic-trends-breakpoints-and-future",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-009",
      "entity": "Coast, lagoons and mangroves",
      "category": "Coast",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Coastal lagoons, creeks, wetlands and mangroves support fisheries and transport while facing flood, pollution and development pressures. These are shared ecosystems, not empty industrial land.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagos-water",
          "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
          "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-010",
      "entity": "Idanre Hills",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Idanre is an inhabited cultural landscape of rock outcrops, valleys and historic buildings in Ondo. It is on UNESCO’s Tentative List (2007), not the inscribed World Heritage List.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-unesco-idanre",
          "title": "UNESCO Tentative List: Oke Idanre",
          "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5169/",
          "published": "2007-10-08",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-011",
      "entity": "Ekiti uplands",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Ekiti’s rocky hills and valleys are prominent landscape features. Local elevation can affect temperature, but the uplands remain tropical.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ekiti-water",
          "title": "Ekiti Water and Sewerage Company: About Ekiti State",
          "url": "https://ekitiwater.com/about-ekiti-state/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-012",
      "entity": "Urban and rural economies",
      "category": "Settlement",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Lagos, Ibadan and Abeokuta connect trade, services, education and industry with rural production. Avoid portraying all villages as static or uniformly traditional.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oyo",
          "title": "Oyo State Government: About Oyo State",
          "url": "https://oyostate.gov.ng/about-oyo-state/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-013",
      "entity": "Oke-Ogun uplands / plateau",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Oke-Ogun is a real regional name. A single formally bounded “Oke-Ogun Plateau,” its climate advantage and the precise crop claims need a mapped agricultural or geomorphological source.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oyo",
          "title": "Oyo State Government: About Oyo State",
          "url": "https://oyostate.gov.ng/about-oyo-state/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-014",
      "entity": "Ijesha Plateau",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Ijesha uplands and mining landscapes require geological mapping to establish the plateau boundary and the extent of mineral occurrences. A place name does not establish a reserve estimate.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-015",
      "entity": "Osun and Ogun valleys",
      "category": "Landscape",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "River valleys can support cultivation and water supply but are also flood-sensitive. Irrigation access, soil quality and sustainable abstraction must be demonstrated at each site.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ogun",
          "title": "Hydroclimatic trends, breakpoints and future projection analysis of the Ogun River Basin",
          "url": "https://iwaponline.com/wpt/article/18/9/2023/97461/Hydroclimatic-trends-breakpoints-and-future",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-016",
      "entity": "Efon / Effon Ridge and escarpment",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Efon-Alaaye is on the western side of Ekiti adjoining Osun.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-efon",
          "title": "Ekiti State Government: Efon local government",
          "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/about-ekiti/local-government/efon",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-017",
      "entity": "Olumo Rock",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Olumo is the Abeokuta rock sanctuary and visitor site associated with Ẹ̀gbá refuge and history. The tourist complex is a current primary source for site information.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-olumo",
          "title": "Olumo Rock Tourist Complex",
          "url": "https://olumorock.ng/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-018",
      "entity": "Akure Forest Reserve",
      "category": "Ecology",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Akure Forest Reserve in Ondo State is documented in a 2021 Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria tree-species dataset. Its biodiversity and conservation significance warrant inclusion; the dataset does not establish its present condition or effective protection.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-akure",
          "title": "FRIN / GBIF: Checklist of Tree Species in Owena Permanent Sample Plot (PSP 29) of Akure Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria",
          "url": "https://ipt-nigeria.gbif.fr/resource?r=psp29checklistdata&request_locale=en",
          "published": "2021",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-019",
      "entity": "Ọ̀ṣun-Òṣogbo Sacred Grove",
      "category": "Heritage",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "An inscribed World Heritage property since 2005, combining forest, river, shrines and continuing worship. It is living heritage with conservation and visitor-management responsibilities.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-unesco-osun",
          "title": "UNESCO World Heritage: Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove",
          "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1118/",
          "published": "2005",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-020",
      "entity": "Lekki wetlands",
      "category": "Ecology",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Wetlands around the Lekki/Lagos system support water regulation and habitat. Any specific site requires a boundary and assessment; broad ecosystem value does not license reclamation.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagos-water",
          "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
          "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-021",
      "entity": "Cocoa belt",
      "category": "Agriculture",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Cocoa farming and processing offer a development pathway. Comparative productivity in Ondo and Oyo requires state-level output, year and yield data; no ranking is established here.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-022",
      "entity": "Oil-palm landscapes",
      "category": "Agriculture",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Palm-oil farming and processing offer a development pathway. Local cultivation, processing capacity and environmental conditions require site-specific evidence.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-023",
      "entity": "Ilé-Ifẹ̀",
      "category": "Heritage",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Ilé-Ifẹ̀ is central to Yorùbá sacred and artistic traditions, with heritage places and festivals recorded by Osun’s tourism authority. Distinguish tradition, archaeology and modern city life.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-osun-tourism",
          "title": "Osun State Government: Tourist Centres",
          "url": "https://www.osunstate.gov.ng/tourist-centres/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-024",
      "entity": "Erin-Ijesha / Olumirin Waterfalls",
      "category": "Waterfalls",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Erin-Ijesa’s Olumirin cascades are a documented Osun visitor landscape. Community and state sources support the location and the seven-level description.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-erin-community",
          "title": "Erin-Ijesa Development Association: Olumirin Waterfalls",
          "url": "https://erinijesa.com/tourism/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        },
        {
          "id": "geo-osun-tourism",
          "title": "Osun State Government: Tourist Centres",
          "url": "https://www.osunstate.gov.ng/tourist-centres/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-025",
      "entity": "Owu Waterfalls",
      "category": "Waterfalls",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Owu Falls is in Kwara’s Ifelodun area. State tourism material gives an approximate 120 m figure; a continental height ranking is not established.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-kwara-tourism",
          "title": "Kwara State Government: Tourism",
          "url": "https://kwarastate.gov.ng/do-business/tourism/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-026",
      "entity": "Ikogosi warm and cold springs",
      "category": "Springs",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Ikogosi in Ekiti contains adjoining warm and cool spring channels in a wooded hill setting. Avoid claiming that mixed water permanently preserves two temperatures or that the site is globally unique.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ekiti-facts",
          "title": "Ekiti State Facts and Figures 2023, tourism table 9.1",
          "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2023/FACTS_FIGURES_2023.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        },
        {
          "id": "geo-ekiti",
          "title": "Ekiti State Government: Tourism",
          "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/about-ekiti/tourism",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-027",
      "entity": "Arinta Waterfalls",
      "category": "Waterfalls",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Arinta is at Ipole-Iloro, Ekiti, in the wider Ikogosi tourism corridor. A named location is more useful than treating the falls as part of one undifferentiated resort.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ekiti-facts",
          "title": "Ekiti State Facts and Figures 2023, tourism table 9.1",
          "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2023/FACTS_FIGURES_2023.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-028",
      "entity": "Ogbunike Caves",
      "category": "Outside-region comparator",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Ogbunike Caves are in Anambra, southeast Nigeria. They are included as an external comparison, outside the Yorùbáland location inventory.",
      "geographic_scope": "Anambra · outside Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ogbunike",
          "title": "UNESCO Tentative List: Ogbunike Caves",
          "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5174",
          "published": "2007",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-029",
      "entity": "Sungbo’s Eredo",
      "category": "Heritage",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "A major Ijebu earthwork system. Archaeological chronology and construction evidence should be presented separately from traditions about Bilikisu Sungbo; a queen-origin story is not a proved construction attribution.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-eredo",
          "title": "Chronology, Construction, and Meaning at Sungbo’s Eredo",
          "url": "https://journals.openedition.org/aaa/5904?lang=en",
          "published": "2025-10-20",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-030",
      "entity": "Royal palaces and historical marketplaces",
      "category": "Heritage",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Palaces, markets and festivals are living civic and cultural institutions. Use individual place histories and custodians rather than giving every market an unverified age or river-crossroads origin.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-osun-tourism",
          "title": "Osun State Government: Tourist Centres",
          "url": "https://www.osunstate.gov.ng/tourist-centres/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-031",
      "entity": "Cocoa House",
      "category": "Built heritage",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Cocoa House is an important Ibadan commercial landmark associated with Western Region agricultural wealth and Odu’a Investment. Its 60th anniversary was marked in 2025.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-cocoa-house",
          "title": "Odu’a Investment: Oyo State Police Command Visits Cocoa House",
          "url": "https://oduainvestment.com.ng/10176/oyo-state-police-command-visits-cocoa-house/",
          "published": "2025-06-24",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-032",
      "entity": "Kainji Lake National Park",
      "category": "Outside-region comparator",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Kainji comprises Borgu and Zugurma sectors in Niger and Kwara. A Kwara administrative location does not by itself establish Yorùbá cultural territory.",
      "geographic_scope": "Niger / Kwara · wider regional comparator",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-kainji",
          "title": "Nigeria Park Service: Kainji Lake National Park",
          "url": "https://nigeriaparkservice.gov.ng/blog/2014/08/12/kainji-lake-national-park/",
          "published": "2014-08-12",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-033",
      "entity": "Climate gradient",
      "category": "Climate",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Describe tropical coastal, forest and savanna transitions with wet and dry seasons. Northern Yorùbáland is not a temperate climatic zone.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ekiti-water",
          "title": "Ekiti Water and Sewerage Company: About Ekiti State",
          "url": "https://ekitiwater.com/about-ekiti-state/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-034",
      "entity": "Badagry coast",
      "category": "Coast",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Badagry links coast, creek, trade and histories of enslavement. Heritage interpretation should also acknowledge the locality’s multiple communities rather than assume one exclusive identity.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagos-water",
          "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
          "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-035",
      "entity": "Lagos Lagoon",
      "category": "Coast",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Lagos Lagoon is part of an interconnected urban estuarine system with industry, transport, fishing and significant pollution pressures. Water quality must be measured, not inferred from scenery.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagoon",
          "title": "Seasonal and spatial variations of physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in interconnected lagoons",
          "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12589649/",
          "published": "2025",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-036",
      "entity": "Zuma Rock",
      "category": "Outside-region comparator",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Zuma Rock near Abuja/Niger is included as an external inselberg comparison, outside Yorùbáland.",
      "geographic_scope": "Niger State · outside Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-zuma",
          "title": "Niger State Government: About Niger State",
          "url": "https://nigerstate.gov.ng/about/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-037",
      "entity": "Egbe reservoir and surrounding hills",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "The documented Egbe Water Scheme is at Egbe-Ekiti. Reservoir-hill tourism facilities are not established by this source.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-egbe",
          "title": "Ekiti Water and Sewerage Company: Egbe Water Scheme",
          "url": "https://ekitiwater.com/egbe-water-scheme/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-038",
      "entity": "Okomu National Park",
      "category": "Outside-region comparator",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Okomu is an Edo forest park. It is a useful wider forest-conservation comparator, not evidence that the park is Yorùbá territory.",
      "geographic_scope": "Edo State · wider regional comparator",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-parks",
          "title": "Nigeria Park Service brochure",
          "url": "https://nigeriaparkservice.gov.ng/blog/2023/11/17/nigeria-national-parks-service-brochure/",
          "published": "2023-11-17",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-039",
      "entity": "Igbeti hills / Iyamopo / Agbele",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Official Oyo tourism sources name Iyamopo and Agbele at Igbeti. They are not another name for Oke’badan in Ibadan; the asserted Ogbomoso-hills extension is unsupported.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oyo",
          "title": "Oyo State Government: About Oyo State",
          "url": "https://oyostate.gov.ng/about-oyo-state/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-040",
      "entity": "Yewa River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Yewa belongs to the western coastal drainage system with cross-border connections. Its exact course requires a hydrographic map.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagos-water",
          "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
          "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-041",
      "entity": "Majidun wetlands, river and creek",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Majidun forms part of the Ikorodu/Lagos water network. River, creek and adjacent wetland should be mapped as related features rather than counted as three independent resources.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagos-water",
          "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
          "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-042",
      "entity": "Old Oyo National Park and Oyo-Ile",
      "category": "Heritage / ecology",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Old Oyo connects protected savanna landscapes with archaeological remains of Oyo-Ile. Conservation and interpretation of the historical city belong together.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-parks",
          "title": "Nigeria Park Service brochure",
          "url": "https://nigeriaparkservice.gov.ng/blog/2023/11/17/nigeria-national-parks-service-brochure/",
          "published": "2023-11-17",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-043",
      "entity": "Oke-Ila ridge",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Oke-Ila Orangun is a real place; this exact named ridge, its boundary and claimed accessibility remain unverified. Keep the local-name lead pending custodian or survey confirmation.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-044",
      "entity": "Ado-Awaye / Oke Ado / Iyake",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Ado-Awaye and its upland Iyake lake are recognized Oyo tourism features. Avoid unsupported claims about being the world’s only or one of exactly two “suspended lakes.”",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oyo",
          "title": "Oyo State Government: About Oyo State",
          "url": "https://oyostate.gov.ng/about-oyo-state/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-045",
      "entity": "Obafemi Awolowo University campus hills",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "The campus landscape is a potential subject for study. A named hill range, mapped boundary and visitor access have not been established here.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-046",
      "entity": "Olosunta and Orole hills",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Both hills are at Ikere-Ekiti and are listed in Ekiti’s official tourism inventory. Local sacred practices require custodian-led interpretation.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ekiti-facts",
          "title": "Ekiti State Facts and Figures 2023, tourism table 9.1",
          "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2023/FACTS_FIGURES_2023.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-047",
      "entity": "Oke-Ero hills near Ijero",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Oke-Ero is a Kwara local government, whereas Ijero’s official profile names Oke-Ayinrin and Oke Ede. The intended hill locality remains unverified.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-kw-lga",
          "title": "Kwara State Government: Local Government Areas",
          "url": "https://kwarastate.gov.ng/government/lgas/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        },
        {
          "id": "geo-ijero",
          "title": "Ekiti State Government: Ijero",
          "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/about-ekiti/local-government/ijero",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-048",
      "entity": "Oke-Maria, Otan Ayegbaju",
      "category": "Living religious landscape",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "The Redemptorist-run Marian pilgrimage centre is on the hills of Otan Ayegbaju, Osun. A February 2026 report confirms continuing pilgrimage activity.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oke-maria",
          "title": "Redemptorists: Annual Oke Maria pilgrimage",
          "url": "https://www.cssr.news/2026/02/nigeria-redemptorist-run-shrine-holds-her-annual-oke-maria-pilgrimage-titled-mary-our-help-in-adversity/",
          "published": "2026-02",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-049",
      "entity": "Ogba Hills near Ondo town",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "No adequate primary identification of this exact hill group near Ondo town was established. Preserve the name as a lead, not a verified biodiversity or hiking destination.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-050",
      "entity": "Oke-Iho Hills at Ijebu-Jesa",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "An Oke-Iho Hill in the Ijebu-Jesa area remains unverified. Gazetteers place an Oke-Iho Hill in Oyo; repeated local names require precise coordinates.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oke-iho",
          "title": "GeoNames: Oke-Iho Hill (name/coordinate cross-check)",
          "url": "https://www.geonames.org/advanced-search.html?q=Oke&startRow=50",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "gazetteer"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-051",
      "entity": "Ori-Oke Baba Abiye",
      "category": "Living religious landscape",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "The prayer institution has its own public contact site. “Ede” is a broad association; establish the precise Alaasān/Egbedore location before placing a map pin.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-baba-abiye",
          "title": "Ori-Oke Baba Abiye: Contacts",
          "url": "https://oriokebabaabiye.org.ng/contacts/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-052",
      "entity": "Apata Hills",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Apata is too general a name to identify a single Ekiti hill group. Location, access and biodiversity require an attributable local source.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-053",
      "entity": "Iroko Hill near Ilesa",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "The exact hill and its naming history remain unverified. The cultural importance of the ìrókò tree does not establish this place’s etymology.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-054",
      "entity": "Ikere Gorge / reservoir",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Ikere Gorge is a constructed reservoir near Iseyin in Oyo, not a natural reservoir at Ikere-Ekiti. Designed hydropower capacity is distinct from demonstrated electricity generation.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ikere",
          "title": "Species composition, abundance and diversity of fishes in Ikere Gorge",
          "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1872203221000743",
          "published": "2021",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-055",
      "entity": "“Rock of Gibraltar of Yorubaland”",
      "category": "Ambiguous name",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "This nickname has no verified Osun site or mapped location in the available sources.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-056",
      "entity": "Ayetoro Hill",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Ayetoro is a repeated place name. If the intended place is Ilaje’s coastal Aiyetoro, the community documents a low-lying coast and erosion, not this asserted hiking hill.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ayetoro",
          "title": "Ayetoro Digital Museum: Visit and community landscape",
          "url": "https://ayetoro.org/visit/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-057",
      "entity": "Oke-Agbe hills",
      "category": "Hills",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Oke-Agbe is in Akoko, Ondo, with a studied geological and road corridor. The generic visitor-access and ecological-balance claims are not a substitute for a site survey.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oke-agbe",
          "title": "Geotechnical investigation along Arigidi/Oke-Agbe Akoko",
          "url": "https://www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/IJPR/article/view/30769",
          "published": "2020",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-058",
      "entity": "Oni River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Hydrological research identifies Oni among the rivers feeding Lekki Lagoon. Avoid limiting the river’s course to Osun without a mapped catchment.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lekki",
          "title": "Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Parameters of Lekki Lagoon",
          "url": "https://file.scirp.org/Html/2-2170082_60956.htm",
          "published": "2015",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-059",
      "entity": "Owu River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "A published Owu drainage-basin study exists, but its source and confluence in Osun are not established here. Owu, Owo and Owena are distinct names.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-owu-river",
          "title": "Drainage Basin Morphometric Analysis for Flood Potential Mapping in Owu",
          "url": "https://journaljgeesi.com/index.php/JGEESI/article/view/275",
          "published": "2016",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-060",
      "entity": "Erinle River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Erinle and its reservoirs are important to Osun water supply. A headwater in Kwara and the exact river course require catchment mapping.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-061",
      "entity": "Ogba River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "The intended Ogba River locality remains unverified. Oyo’s official material discusses an Ogba river; similarly named rivers exist elsewhere.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ogba",
          "title": "Oyo State Government: Legends, Beliefs that turn Rivers to Waste Dumps",
          "url": "https://oyostate.gov.ng/legends-beliefs-that-turn-rivers-to-waste-dumps/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-062",
      "entity": "Omi River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Omi is among rivers examined in the Ogun–Ona basin water-quality literature. A local river name should be paired with its basin and coordinates to prevent confusion.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-omi",
          "title": "Classification of river water quality in Ogun and Ona River Basins",
          "url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311843.2017.1295696",
          "published": "2017",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-063",
      "entity": "Asejire Reservoir",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Asejire is an impoundment on the Osun River in the Oyo–Osun area, supporting water supply and fisheries. Recent research also examines contamination and ecological risk.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-asejire",
          "title": "Water quality, heavy metal contamination, and ecological risk in Asejire reservoir",
          "url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02705060.2025.2516505",
          "published": "2025",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-064",
      "entity": "Erelu Reservoir",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Erelu is associated with Oyo town, not Ibadan. A March 2026 bathymetric study explicitly locates it at Oyo Town.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-erelu",
          "title": "Bathymetric assessment and water management strategies for Erelu Reservoir, Oyo Town",
          "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12517-026-12437-z",
          "published": "2026-03-03",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-065",
      "entity": "Oyan Dam",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Oyan in Ogun is a managed multipurpose reservoir. Water supply and irrigation benefits must be considered alongside downstream communities, reservoir operations and flood management.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oyan",
          "title": "The socio-economics dynamics of Dam on Rural Communities: Oyan Dam",
          "url": "https://piahs.copernicus.org/articles/379/175/2018/",
          "published": "2018",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-066",
      "entity": "Badagry Creek",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Badagry Creek is part of the connected coastal waterway system. It supports movement and livelihoods, with water quality and cross-border management implications.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagos-water",
          "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
          "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-067",
      "entity": "Lekki Lagoon",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Lekki Lagoon receives river inflows including Osun, Shasha and Oni. It is a water, habitat and livelihood system shared across the Lagos–Ogun coastal area.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lekki",
          "title": "Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Parameters of Lekki Lagoon",
          "url": "https://file.scirp.org/Html/2-2170082_60956.htm",
          "published": "2015",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-068",
      "entity": "Shasha / Sasa River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Shasha belongs to the southwest coastal basin and feeds the lagoon system. Its precise headwaters are not established here.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lekki",
          "title": "Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Parameters of Lekki Lagoon",
          "url": "https://file.scirp.org/Html/2-2170082_60956.htm",
          "published": "2015",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-069",
      "entity": "Esinmirin River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Esinmirin is a documented headwater river of the Opa reservoir system at Ilé-Ifẹ̀. Use the 2020 ecological study; a separate 2025 Esinmirin water-quality article was retracted.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-esinmirin",
          "title": "Biological assessment of the headwater rivers of Opa Reservoir",
          "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41936-020-00151-5",
          "published": "2020",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-070",
      "entity": "Eko-Ende River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "Eko-Ende is associated with water infrastructure, but a distinct river of this exact name is not established here. Check whether the intended feature is Eko-Ende dam on the Otin system.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-071",
      "entity": "Ala River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Ala flows through Akure in Ondo. It is not the river of the Osun-Osogbo festival; that festival concerns Ọ̀ṣun.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ala",
          "title": "Impacts of Land Use on the Quality of Ala River in Akure Metropolis",
          "url": "https://www.nijotech.com/index.php/nijotech/article/view/2790/1887",
          "published": "2022",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        },
        {
          "id": "geo-unesco-osun",
          "title": "UNESCO World Heritage: Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove",
          "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1118/",
          "published": "2005",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-072",
      "entity": "Olokun River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "The specific southwest Ondo river and fishery description remain unverified. Require a local catchment source or coordinates before publishing a mapped watercourse.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-073",
      "entity": "Ose River",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "The Ose is associated with Egbe-Ekiti dam in Ekiti. Its exact origin and course require a basin map.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ekiti",
          "title": "Ekiti State Government: Tourism",
          "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/about-ekiti/tourism",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-074",
      "entity": "Agodi Lake",
      "category": "Water / recreation",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Agodi Gardens is an officially recognized Ibadan visitor site. Treat the lake as part of its managed landscape, not as an undeveloped regional water resource.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-oyo",
          "title": "Oyo State Government: About Oyo State",
          "url": "https://oyostate.gov.ng/about-oyo-state/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-075",
      "entity": "Owena Reservoir",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Owena multipurpose dam is at Igbara-Oke on the Akure–Ilesa corridor in Ondo. A 2026 study examines microbial risks: location or availability does not establish drinking-water safety.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-owena",
          "title": "Microbial risk assessment in Owena multipurpose dam, Igbara-Oke",
          "url": "https://journals.plos.org/water/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pwat.0000595",
          "published": "2026",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-076",
      "entity": "Ayorinde Lake",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "An Ekiti lake of this exact name has not been corroborated by the available sources.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-077",
      "entity": "Eleyele / Eleiyele Reservoir",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Eleyele is a human-made Ibadan water-supply reservoir. Its catchment’s land-use pressures and water quality have been studied; keep usage claims separate from safety claims.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-eleyele",
          "title": "Assessment of impacts of land use and cover on water quality in Eleyele catchment",
          "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43832-025-00275-1",
          "published": "2025",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-078",
      "entity": "Epe Lagoon",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Epe belongs in the coastal lagoon network and fisheries landscape. Its role as a protective “buffer against ocean surge” needs a specific hydrodynamic study.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagos-water",
          "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
          "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-079",
      "entity": "Kuramo Waters",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Kuramo belongs to Lagos’s highly modified coastal lagoon environment. A historical recreation description should not be advertised as a current safe water-sports recommendation.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-lagos-water",
          "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
          "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
          "published": "2023",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-080",
      "entity": "Apese Lagoon",
      "category": "Water",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Apese is a documented small isolated lagoon used in comparative Lagos sediment research. Preserve its distinct identity rather than calling every lagoon an extension of Lagos Lagoon.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-apese",
          "title": "Comparative investigation of sediment metals in Lagos Harbour and Lagoon system",
          "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/16/4339",
          "published": "2019",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "research"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-081",
      "entity": "Sierra Maestra comparison",
      "category": "Interpretation",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Historical refuge and settlement are legitimate comparative themes, but isolated rock sanctuaries and local ridges are not geographical equivalents of Cuba’s Sierra Maestra range. Keep the comparison historical and non-operational.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-unesco-idanre",
          "title": "UNESCO Tentative List: Oke Idanre",
          "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5169/",
          "published": "2007-10-08",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        },
        {
          "id": "geo-olumo",
          "title": "Olumo Rock Tourist Complex",
          "url": "https://olumorock.ng/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-082",
      "entity": "Distance from the Atlantic",
      "category": "Measurement",
      "status": "Unverified",
      "description": "A comparison of distances to the Atlantic requires defined start and end points and a consistent method, distinguishing straight-line distance from road distance. Comparable measurements are not established here.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria · Yorùbáland",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "id": "land-083",
      "entity": "Kétou",
      "category": "Beyond borders",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Kétou in Benin is a living Yorùbá/Nago royal and Gèlèdé centre. Its gates, sacred spaces and community institutions support a cross-border cultural landscape.",
      "geographic_scope": "Benin · Kétou",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-ketou",
          "title": "Benin Government: Kétou, birthplace of Gèlèdé",
          "url": "https://www.gouv.bj/article/1027/destination-benin---ketou--berceau-guelede--patrimoine-culturel-immateriel-humanite./",
          "published": "2020",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-084",
      "entity": "Dassa-Zoumè / Idaasha",
      "category": "Beyond borders",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Dassa-Zoumè’s granite hills connect settlement, sacred landscapes and Idaasha history in central Benin. Government accounts identify Yorùbá connections without erasing local identity.",
      "geographic_scope": "Benin · Collines",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-dassa",
          "title": "Benin Government: Dassa-Zoumè, Idaascha country",
          "url": "https://www.gouv.bj/article/983/destination-benin---dassa--zoume--pays-idaascha-sommet-41-collines-cite-omondjagou./",
          "published": "2020",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-085",
      "entity": "Savè / Shabè",
      "category": "Beyond borders",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Savè combines prominent hills, Shabè/Nagot language heritage, agriculture and transport connections. Cross-border development should follow actual trade and water systems.",
      "geographic_scope": "Benin · Collines",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-save",
          "title": "Benin Government: Savè",
          "url": "https://www.gouv.bj/article/936/destination-benin---save--vous-accueille-sous-mamelles/",
          "published": "2020",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-086",
      "entity": "Atakpamé / Ana-Ifè",
      "category": "Beyond borders",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "Atakpamé in Togo is a hill city associated with Ana and Ifè settlement and the Mono plain. Include it as part of the wider cultural network.",
      "geographic_scope": "Togo · Plateaux",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-atakpame",
          "title": "Togo Tourism: Atakpamé",
          "url": "https://togotourisme.tg/destinations/atakpame/",
          "published": null,
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-087",
      "entity": "Gèlèdé cultural network",
      "category": "Beyond borders",
      "status": "Confirmed",
      "description": "UNESCO documents Gèlèdé among Yorùbá-Nago communities across Benin, Nigeria and Togo: a firm source for cultural connections that predate and cross modern borders.",
      "geographic_scope": "Nigeria / Benin / Togo",
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geo-gelede",
          "title": "UNESCO: Oral heritage of Gelede",
          "url": "https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/oral-heritage-of-gelede-00002",
          "published": "2008",
          "checked": "2026-10-20",
          "kind": "primary"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "geo-unesco-idanre",
      "title": "UNESCO Tentative List: Oke Idanre",
      "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5169/",
      "published": "2007-10-08",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-unesco-osun",
      "title": "UNESCO World Heritage: Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove",
      "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1118/",
      "published": "2005",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-omo",
      "title": "UNESCO MAB: Omo Biosphere Reserve",
      "url": "https://www.unesco.org/en/mab/omo",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-oyo",
      "title": "Oyo State Government: About Oyo State",
      "url": "https://oyostate.gov.ng/about-oyo-state/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-efon",
      "title": "Ekiti State Government: Efon local government",
      "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/about-ekiti/local-government/efon",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ekiti",
      "title": "Ekiti State Government: Tourism",
      "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/about-ekiti/tourism",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ekiti-facts",
      "title": "Ekiti State Facts and Figures 2023, tourism table 9.1",
      "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2023/FACTS_FIGURES_2023.pdf",
      "published": "2023",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ekiti-water",
      "title": "Ekiti Water and Sewerage Company: About Ekiti State",
      "url": "https://ekitiwater.com/about-ekiti-state/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-egbe",
      "title": "Ekiti Water and Sewerage Company: Egbe Water Scheme",
      "url": "https://ekitiwater.com/egbe-water-scheme/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ikere",
      "title": "Species composition, abundance and diversity of fishes in Ikere Gorge",
      "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1872203221000743",
      "published": "2021",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-erelu",
      "title": "Bathymetric assessment and water management strategies for Erelu Reservoir, Oyo Town",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12517-026-12437-z",
      "published": "2026-03-03",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ala",
      "title": "Impacts of Land Use on the Quality of Ala River in Akure Metropolis",
      "url": "https://www.nijotech.com/index.php/nijotech/article/view/2790/1887",
      "published": "2022",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ogbunike",
      "title": "UNESCO Tentative List: Ogbunike Caves",
      "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5174",
      "published": "2007",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-eredo",
      "title": "Chronology, Construction, and Meaning at Sungbo’s Eredo",
      "url": "https://journals.openedition.org/aaa/5904?lang=en",
      "published": "2025-10-20",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-olumo",
      "title": "Olumo Rock Tourist Complex",
      "url": "https://olumorock.ng/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-osun-tourism",
      "title": "Osun State Government: Tourist Centres",
      "url": "https://www.osunstate.gov.ng/tourist-centres/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-erin-community",
      "title": "Erin-Ijesa Development Association: Olumirin Waterfalls",
      "url": "https://erinijesa.com/tourism/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-kwara-tourism",
      "title": "Kwara State Government: Tourism",
      "url": "https://kwarastate.gov.ng/do-business/tourism/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-parks",
      "title": "Nigeria Park Service brochure",
      "url": "https://nigeriaparkservice.gov.ng/blog/2023/11/17/nigeria-national-parks-service-brochure/",
      "published": "2023-11-17",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-kainji",
      "title": "Nigeria Park Service: Kainji Lake National Park",
      "url": "https://nigeriaparkservice.gov.ng/blog/2014/08/12/kainji-lake-national-park/",
      "published": "2014-08-12",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-kw-lga",
      "title": "Kwara State Government: Local Government Areas",
      "url": "https://kwarastate.gov.ng/government/lgas/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ijero",
      "title": "Ekiti State Government: Ijero",
      "url": "https://www.ekitistate.gov.ng/about-ekiti/local-government/ijero",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-oke-maria",
      "title": "Redemptorists: Annual Oke Maria pilgrimage",
      "url": "https://www.cssr.news/2026/02/nigeria-redemptorist-run-shrine-holds-her-annual-oke-maria-pilgrimage-titled-mary-our-help-in-adversity/",
      "published": "2026-02",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-baba-abiye",
      "title": "Ori-Oke Baba Abiye: Contacts",
      "url": "https://oriokebabaabiye.org.ng/contacts/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-oke-iho",
      "title": "GeoNames: Oke-Iho Hill (name/coordinate cross-check)",
      "url": "https://www.geonames.org/advanced-search.html?q=Oke&startRow=50",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "gazetteer"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ayetoro",
      "title": "Ayetoro Digital Museum: Visit and community landscape",
      "url": "https://ayetoro.org/visit/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-oke-agbe",
      "title": "Geotechnical investigation along Arigidi/Oke-Agbe Akoko",
      "url": "https://www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/IJPR/article/view/30769",
      "published": "2020",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ogun",
      "title": "Hydroclimatic trends, breakpoints and future projection analysis of the Ogun River Basin",
      "url": "https://iwaponline.com/wpt/article/18/9/2023/97461/Hydroclimatic-trends-breakpoints-and-future",
      "published": "2023",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-lagos-water",
      "title": "Arup / City Water Resilience Approach: Lagos City Characterisation",
      "url": "https://www.arup.com/globalassets/downloads/insights/c/city-water-resilience-approach/characterisation-report/ccr-lagos.pdf",
      "published": "2023",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-lagoon",
      "title": "Seasonal and spatial variations of physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in interconnected lagoons",
      "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12589649/",
      "published": "2025",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-lekki",
      "title": "Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Parameters of Lekki Lagoon",
      "url": "https://file.scirp.org/Html/2-2170082_60956.htm",
      "published": "2015",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-omi",
      "title": "Classification of river water quality in Ogun and Ona River Basins",
      "url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311843.2017.1295696",
      "published": "2017",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-owu-river",
      "title": "Drainage Basin Morphometric Analysis for Flood Potential Mapping in Owu",
      "url": "https://journaljgeesi.com/index.php/JGEESI/article/view/275",
      "published": "2016",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ogba",
      "title": "Oyo State Government: Legends, Beliefs that turn Rivers to Waste Dumps",
      "url": "https://oyostate.gov.ng/legends-beliefs-that-turn-rivers-to-waste-dumps/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-asejire",
      "title": "Water quality, heavy metal contamination, and ecological risk in Asejire reservoir",
      "url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02705060.2025.2516505",
      "published": "2025",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-oyan",
      "title": "The socio-economics dynamics of Dam on Rural Communities: Oyan Dam",
      "url": "https://piahs.copernicus.org/articles/379/175/2018/",
      "published": "2018",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-esinmirin",
      "title": "Biological assessment of the headwater rivers of Opa Reservoir",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41936-020-00151-5",
      "published": "2020",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-owena",
      "title": "Microbial risk assessment in Owena multipurpose dam, Igbara-Oke",
      "url": "https://journals.plos.org/water/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pwat.0000595",
      "published": "2026",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-eleyele",
      "title": "Assessment of impacts of land use and cover on water quality in Eleyele catchment",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43832-025-00275-1",
      "published": "2025",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-apese",
      "title": "Comparative investigation of sediment metals in Lagos Harbour and Lagoon system",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/16/4339",
      "published": "2019",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "research"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-cocoa-house",
      "title": "Odu’a Investment: Oyo State Police Command Visits Cocoa House",
      "url": "https://oduainvestment.com.ng/10176/oyo-state-police-command-visits-cocoa-house/",
      "published": "2025-06-24",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-gelede",
      "title": "UNESCO: Oral heritage of Gelede",
      "url": "https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/oral-heritage-of-gelede-00002",
      "published": "2008",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-ketou",
      "title": "Benin Government: Kétou, birthplace of Gèlèdé",
      "url": "https://www.gouv.bj/article/1027/destination-benin---ketou--berceau-guelede--patrimoine-culturel-immateriel-humanite./",
      "published": "2020",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-dassa",
      "title": "Benin Government: Dassa-Zoumè, Idaascha country",
      "url": "https://www.gouv.bj/article/983/destination-benin---dassa--zoume--pays-idaascha-sommet-41-collines-cite-omondjagou./",
      "published": "2020",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-save",
      "title": "Benin Government: Savè",
      "url": "https://www.gouv.bj/article/936/destination-benin---save--vous-accueille-sous-mamelles/",
      "published": "2020",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-akure",
      "title": "FRIN / GBIF: Checklist of Tree Species in Owena Permanent Sample Plot (PSP 29) of Akure Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria",
      "url": "https://ipt-nigeria.gbif.fr/resource?r=psp29checklistdata&request_locale=en",
      "published": "2021",
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-zuma",
      "title": "Niger State Government: About Niger State",
      "url": "https://nigerstate.gov.ng/about/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    },
    {
      "id": "geo-atakpame",
      "title": "Togo Tourism: Atakpamé",
      "url": "https://togotourisme.tg/destinations/atakpame/",
      "published": null,
      "checked": "2026-10-20",
      "kind": "primary"
    }
  ]
}